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心理咨詢(xún)不僅是‘看病’，這些人需要心理咨詢(xún)
紅葉陳老師
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2017-06-24","current_time":1779124044,"font_name":"","rcmd_meipian":0,"hide_article_link":0,"from_wechat":false,"music_name":"","origin_status":0,"password_v2":"","font_id":0,"title_style":"","rich_text_title":"","enable_download":1,"cover_thumb":"https:\/\/ss-mpvolc.meipian.me\/users\/1429966\/c010af9d7cbf456b9028003d207895fa__jpg.heic","has_video":false,"gift_switch":1,"enable_watermark":0,"content":{"article_id":49451012,"content":[{"img_height":374,"img_url":"https:\/\/ss-mpvolc.meipian.me\/users\/1429966\/c010af9d7cbf456b9028003d207895fa__jpg.heic","img_width":542,"text":"<h3>隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，疾病譜的改變，患有心身疾病或有心理問(wèn)題的人群大幅上升。現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的醫(yī)學(xué)模式已經(jīng)由單純的生物醫(yī)學(xué)模式向生物一心理一社會(huì)醫(yī)學(xué)模式轉(zhuǎn)變。因此，愈來(lái)愈多的人重視心理健康的問(wèn)題，主動(dòng)尋求心理咨詢(xún)服務(wù)，體現(xiàn)了理念的進(jìn)步。<\/h3><div><br><\/div><div>?<\/div><div>心理咨詢(xún)針對(duì)哪些人群<\/div><div><br><\/div><div>心理咨詢(xún)不僅僅是“看病”，更主要是助人成長(zhǎng)。目前心理咨詢(xún)服務(wù)主要面對(duì)以下幾種類(lèi)型的人：<\/div><div><br><\/div><div>①所有正常人群<\/div><div><br><\/div><div>心理咨詢(xún)可以幫助每個(gè)人更好地了解、認(rèn)識(shí)自己，幫助你設(shè)置生活目標(biāo)，提高人際交往能力和社會(huì)適應(yīng)水平。對(duì)于家長(zhǎng)來(lái)說(shuō)，通過(guò)心理咨詢(xún)服務(wù)，可以更好地了解孩子的特點(diǎn)，提高家庭教育的效能，提高孩子學(xué)習(xí)的效率。<\/div><div><br><\/div><div>②存在心理問(wèn)題者<\/div><div><br><\/div><div>在近期存在明顯的負(fù)性生活事件刺激，但刺激僅局限于事件本身而未泛化；其反應(yīng)強(qiáng)度不甚劇烈并未嚴(yán)重影響思維邏輯性的心理紊亂。如：學(xué)習(xí)適應(yīng)困難、人際交往問(wèn)題、各種社會(huì)適應(yīng)不良、現(xiàn)代生活方式不良綜合癥等等。這類(lèi)情況在咨詢(xún)過(guò)程中大量存在。<\/div><div><br><\/div><div><br><\/div><div>?<\/div><div><br><\/div><div><br><\/div><div>③ 心理障礙者<\/div><div><br><\/div><div>系指初始反應(yīng)劇烈、持續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)久、內(nèi)容充分泛化和自身難以克服的精神負(fù)擔(dān)，同時(shí)可伴有人格缺陷。<\/div><div><br><\/div><div>?<\/div><div><br><\/div><div><br><\/div><div>④神經(jīng)癥患者<\/div><div><br><\/div><div>神經(jīng)癥又稱(chēng)神經(jīng)官能癥，大部分患者意識(shí)清晰，有自知力，要求治療。神經(jīng)癥包括焦慮神經(jīng)癥、恐怖癥、強(qiáng)迫癥、抑郁性神經(jīng)癥、神經(jīng)衰弱、人格解體綜合癥和疑病癥。<\/div><div> <\/div><div>?<\/div><div><br><\/div><div><br><\/div><div>⑤人格障礙者<\/div><div><br><\/div><div>我們對(duì)能夠很好地適應(yīng)社會(huì)生活的人格稱(chēng)為良好人格或正常人格，對(duì)不能適應(yīng)社會(huì)環(huán)境，在待人接物、為人處世過(guò)程中情感反應(yīng)和意志行為均與常人不相協(xié)調(diào)、格格不入者，稱(chēng)為人格障礙。<\/div><div><br><\/div><div>國(guó)外一項(xiàng)研究表明，人格障礙的預(yù)期率為5.2%，人格障礙的精神病發(fā)病率為5.9%，預(yù)期發(fā)病率為9.3%。<\/div><div><br><\/div><div>⑥過(guò)度應(yīng)激反應(yīng)和情感危機(jī)<\/div><div><br><\/div><div>過(guò)度應(yīng)激反應(yīng)和情感危機(jī)其實(shí)不能算作一種單獨(dú)的問(wèn)題人群，因?yàn)檫^(guò)度應(yīng)激反應(yīng)和情感危機(jī)往往表現(xiàn)為心理問(wèn)題、心理障礙和更嚴(yán)重的癥狀。只不過(guò)由此引發(fā)的問(wèn)題比較突出，所以重點(diǎn)提示。<\/div><div><br><\/div><div>重性精神病人不屬于咨詢(xún)服務(wù)人群范圍<\/div><div><br><\/div><div><br><\/div><div>重性精神病人不屬于咨詢(xún)服務(wù)人群范圍。精神病或嚴(yán)重心理障礙患者，比如精神分裂癥患者、人格障礙患者或其他嚴(yán)重情緒障礙患者。這樣的人必須在病情得到控制，并恢復(fù)或基本恢復(fù)日常生活、社交、學(xué)習(xí)、工作等以后，才可進(jìn)行心理咨詢(xún)以穩(wěn)定心理狀態(tài)。<\/div><div><br><\/div><div>心理咨詢(xún)必須用心理咨詢(xún)的理論、方法、技術(shù)和手段為咨客提供專(zhuān)業(yè)的服務(wù)。否則不能稱(chēng)為心理咨詢(xún)服務(wù)。心理咨詢(xún)包括知識(shí)性咨詢(xún)、預(yù)防性咨詢(xún)、開(kāi)發(fā)性咨詢(xún)和治療性咨詢(xún)，因此他可以適應(yīng)不同問(wèn)題和不同層次人群的需要。許多人尤其是年輕人的問(wèn)題大量是發(fā)展中的問(wèn)題，通過(guò)知識(shí)性和開(kāi)發(fā)性的咨詢(xún)可以比較快地解決問(wèn)題。咨詢(xún)是平等、溝通、互動(dòng)的過(guò)程，不是“我講你聽(tīng)”的過(guò)程，因此，咨詢(xún)效果取決于咨詢(xún)工作者的素質(zhì)水平，取決于雙方的溝通過(guò)程，還取決于咨客的主動(dòng)程度和咨詢(xún)理念。<\/div>"},{"img_height":800,"img_url":"https:\/\/ss-mpvolc.meipian.me\/users\/1429966\/725a3eaea7f247e98dc841f2b3ca9229__jpg.heic","img_width":450}]},"ext":{"id":119557046,"article_id":49451012,"ip":"","origin_status":0,"edit_from":0,"client_type":0,"password_v2":"","uv":29,"font_id":0,"title_style":"","rich_text_title":null,"gift_switch":1,"deleted_at":0,"recycle_expired_at":0,"share_with_nickname":0,"enable_watermark":0,"music_id":0,"music_source":-1,"_auto_update_time":"2022-06-09 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额济纳旗
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隆林
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栾川县
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岳池县
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长寿区
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年辖：市辖区
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古浪县
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南投市
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新龙县
|
威远县
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柳林县
|
航空
|
合肥市
|
防城港市
|
五台县
|
信丰县
|
富裕县
|
德庆县
|
青海省
|
玉树县
|
东乌
|
阳原县
|
郸城县
|
章丘市
|
斗六市
|
石棉县
|
桐城市
|
喀喇
|
潼关县
|
北流市
|
芮城县
|
无棣县
|
鄄城县
|
汪清县
|
衡山县
|
曲阜市
|
调兵山市
|
云霄县
|
嘉义县
|
姜堰市
|
金塔县
|