小西媽雙語工程2007期58號Eason打卡Day175【1a Unit10】

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英語: 1a unit 10漢語: 漢三第十二單元識字：學(xué)前快讀600字第二冊理解性閱讀：海尼曼中，牛津樹4指讀：Week7listening：0a，0b，1a，peppa pig s1video：1a unit1-12, peppa pig s1Letters: A-Z古詩: 出塞，芙蓉樓送辛漸 識字 A walk at night The bossy pig Learning center Retell the story Handcraft: let’s Make a bridgewhat we need: <ul class="ql-block"><li>colored paper</li><li>glue or double-sided tape</li><li>scissors</li><li>colored pens</li></ul>p: today we are going to make a bridge with some paper strips1. Cut some strips from the colored paper2. Use the colored pen to draw road marking on the strips3.Stick the strips onto a sheet of paper to make bridges4. Draw roads on the sheet of paper to connect the bridges London bridge background knowledge Difference between London Bridge and London Tower BridgeLondon Tower Bridge is the most popular bridge in London, that's for sure. But don't get it mixed up with London Bridge. They are two different bridges.London Bridge is a bridge over the River Thames. It is in central London, and connects the City of London with Southwark. It is between Cannon Street Railway Bridge and Tower Bridge.Tower Bridge is in London. It crosses the River Thames near the Tower of London. It is a drawbridge可開合的吊橋, which allows ships through the bridge deck when the deck is raised in the centre at an angle.The north side of the bridge is Tower Hill塔座, and the south side of the bridge comes down into Bermondsey, an area in Southwark. It is far more visible than London Bridge, which people often mistake it for. Many tourists go to London to see the Tower Bridge. It has its own exhibition centre in the horizontal walkway. This gives one of the best exhibition centre in London.The "bascules豎旋橋的雙翼" are the surfaces raised to allow tall ships to pass through: this happens about 900 times per year. The bridge's decks (bascules) can be raised to 83o from the horizontal橋板可以升起到水平角度的83度.Here are some facts about London’s Tower BridgeTower Bridge was built between 1886 and 1894.The bridge combines elements of a suspension bridge懸浮橋的設(shè)計(jì)元素 design with elements of a bascule bridge吊橋的設(shè)計(jì)元素 design. It has two towers兩座塔座連接著 linked by two walkways走道 and suspended sections懸浮的部分 to either side of the towers, stretching towards the banks of the Thames 朝泰晤士河的兩岸延伸.Tower Bridge was designed by Sir Horace Jones, the City Architect建筑師.The central span of the bridge can be raised to allow ships to pass 橋的中心可以升起讓船只通過。More than 400 workers helped to build the bridge and over 70000 tons of concrete were was sunk to the bed of the River Thames to support the bridge 超過7萬噸水泥注入到河床來支撐橋。Tower Bridge is 244 metres long and each tower is 65 metres high.River traffic takes priority over bridge users, but you must give 24 hours notice if you need the bascules 活動(dòng)桁架 to be raised to allow your ship to pass. They are raised more than 1000 times a year.Many people think that Tower Bridge is called London Bridge, when in fact they are two different crossings. Two walkwaysThe bridge consists of two bridge towers tied together at the upper level by two horizontal walkways.Many tourists go to London to see the Tower Bridge.We will take the elevator from the bottom of the tower to the high-level walkways.We can walk in the walkways and the floor in the walkways is made of glass, so we can look down at the bridge decks and the River Thames. Bridge deck/walkwayThe bridge deck/walkway is freely accessible to both vehicles and pedestrians.The bridge deck/walkway between the towers is split into two equal bascules, which can be raised to an angle of 86 degrees to allow river traffic to pass.In a word, Tower Bridge is, firstly, very beautiful on the outside. Second, the deck can open when high boats come by. Let's see a video, ok? Build a London bridge with magnetic blocks(Prepare the fair lady card, the monkey puppet and some magnetic blocks)P: Eason, I'll show you some pictures —— London Bridge. <ul class="ql-block"><li>There are two bridge towers, two walkways. </li><li>The upper walkway is for people to walk. </li><li>The lower walkway is for cars. </li><li>London Bridge is a movable bridge that lifts up to allow passage for boats or barges on the river</li></ul>Shall we make a London Bridge with magnetic blocks? k: ok.p: what shapes do you need?k: I need some squares and trianglesp: ok. Let’s get started. look, what's this?k:This is a London bridge.P: yes, our London bridge is done. Now help the fair lady walk on the bridge.P & K: London Bridge is falling down falling down.....my fair lady.P: Watch out. London Bridge is falling down. (toss the ball to make the bridge fall down, or blow it down)Don't worry. Shall we fix it? Or we can make another new London Bridge. And you can push it down then.p: wow. The new bridge is done. Look, here comes a monkey. Let’s help the monkey walk on the bridge. Ok?k: ok. 兒歌London bridge is falling down.....p: Oh no, the bridge is falling down again. The monkey is falling into the river. Can you go help the monkey?k: don’t worry. I'm coming to help you.p(monkey): Thank you, Easonk: You're welcome.p: Do you wanna visit/see the London Bridge?(It's in London. It's in Britain. It's not in our country/China. Perhaps/Maybe we will travel to London and see the London Bridge.) Lift up the walkwayp: London bridge is a movable bridge. That means the lower walkway can lift up to allow the big boats and ships to go through. There is a control room in the bridge. You can control the switch to open or close it. p:Look. Here comes a big boat. It needs to go under the bridge. Do you want to be the captain? What is captain? k: captain is the person who drives the boat or ship. p: yes. you are right. Now you are the captain, drive this big boat to go under the bridge. Oh, Can you go under the bridge?k: no, my boat is too highp: yes. It’s too high to go under the bridge. Let's turn on the switch to raise/ lift up the decks/walkway. Ok?k: Lift up the walkwayp: ok. I lift up the lower walkway for you. Now the big boat can pass through. I will lift down the walkway.p: Here come some cars. Do you want to help them go cross the bridge? Do you want to drive them?k: ok. Magnetic blocks磁力建構(gòu)片 Mother: I have a new toy for you.媽媽：我有一個(gè)新玩具給你。Child: Oh wow!寶寶：哦，哇！What is it, Mommy?是什么呀，媽媽？Mother: They are magnetic blocks.媽媽：是磁力建構(gòu)片。亦可用magnetic tiles。You can build things with them你可以用它們搭東西，亦可將build-搭，替換為make-做。and they stick together它們能吸在一起，Stick有很多含義，其中一個(gè)是adhere or cling to a substance or surface，附著在某個(gè)物質(zhì)或表面上，除了粘住，通過磁力“吸”也用它。because they are magnetic.因?yàn)樗鼈冇写帕Α?lt;/p>Child: Nice! Can I play with them?寶寶：太好了！我能玩它們嗎？玩某樣玩具用play with加玩具名稱，玩某個(gè)游戲用play直接加游戲名稱。Mother: Sure! Let's look at the shapes and colors first.媽媽：當(dāng)然！咱們先看看這些形狀和顏色。What do you see?你看見什么了？Child: There are squares and triangles.寶寶：有正方形和三角形。Mother: Very good, and what colors are there?媽媽：非常好，有什么顏色？Child: I see red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple?.寶寶：我看見了紅色、橙色、黃色、綠色、藍(lán)色、紫色。Mother: Well done.媽媽：很好。Shall we try and build something?咱們試試搭個(gè)東西吧？We can look at the instruction manual咱們可以看看說明書，Instruction manual = instruction = manual 說明書，三種說法都很常用。and see if there is something you want to make.看看有什么你想做的。Child: I want to make a car.寶寶：我想做一個(gè)小汽車。Mother: Okay, we need to find the pieces to make the car first.媽媽：好的，我們需要先找到做小汽車用的片兒。磁力建構(gòu)片的“片兒”可以用piece、tile和block。We need 23 pieces.咱們需要23個(gè)片兒。Can you pick out 17 squares and 6 triangles?你能挑出來17個(gè)正方形和6個(gè)三角形嗎？Child: Here you go, Mommy.寶寶：給你，媽媽。Mother: Can you also find the wheels?媽媽：你能把轱轆也找到嗎？Child: Here are the wheels.寶寶：給你轱轆。Mother: Great! Now we just need to connect these blocks to each other.媽媽：真棒！現(xiàn)在我們只需要把這些片兒彼此連接起來。Child: Like this, Mommy?寶寶：是這樣嗎，媽媽？Mother: That's it.媽媽：是的。We just have to follow the picture.咱們按照圖做就行。Now that we have laid them all out on the table,咱們把它們都擺在桌上了，we pick them up,我們把它們拿起來，and connect them all together.把它們都接在一起。Now we place this on the wheels, and look!現(xiàn)在我們把它放在轱轆上，看看！A Car!一輛小汽車！Child: Wow! Can we make something else?寶寶：哇！咱們還能做點(diǎn)別的嗎？Mother: Sure, why don't you play around with them媽媽：當(dāng)然，你玩一玩它們吧，Play around with指初次接觸某個(gè)事物時(shí)的探索、實(shí)驗(yàn)。and you can create anything you want?你可以創(chuàng)造出任何你想要的東西。Child: Okay, thank you, Mommy!寶寶：好的，謝謝媽媽！I am going to make a house next.接下來我要做一個(gè)房子。Mother: Great idea!媽媽：好主意！You will need squares and triangles for that one.這個(gè)你需要正方形和三角形。Have fun.好好玩。 Build a book bridge (prepare 2 chairs and books in various sizes）Keep the chairs facing each other around 1 feet apart. Encourage the child to build a bridge connecting the chairs. Very simple to set up.p: We can try different ways to build the bridge, then we will know which way is the best.1) we start arranging the books on one side. Let's see if it would be easy to construct from one end to another end.The books at the center are not stable. We can't build the bridge like this way. We have to work on both the sides simultaneously.2) You can choose the books to build the bridge. This time you put the heavy book at the center, the bridge collapsed.3) We put heavy and lengthy books at the bottom and light books at the top. We build both the side concurrently. A very light book at the top complets the bridge. What materials are we used to make the bridge?<ul class="ql-block"><li>wood and clay</li><li>stick and stone</li><li>iron and steel </li><li>brick </li><li>Concrete</li><li>Reinforcing bars</li></ul> The four primary materials used for bridges have been wood, stone, iron, and concrete. Of these, iron has had the greatest effect on modern bridges. From iron, steel is made, and steel is used to make reinforced and prestressed concrete. Modern bridges are almost exclusively built with steel, reinforced concrete, and prestressed concrete.建造橋梁的四種主要材料是木、石、鐵和混凝土。其中，鐵對現(xiàn)代橋梁的影響最大。鋼鐵被用來制造鋼筋和預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土。現(xiàn)代橋梁幾乎完全是用鋼、鋼筋混凝土和預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土建造的。 Wood and stone 木頭和石頭Wood is relatively weak in both compression and tension, but it has almost always been widely available and inexpensive. Wood has been used effectively for small bridges that carry light loads, such as footbridges. Engineers now incorporate laminated wooden beams and arches into some modern bridges.Stone is strong in compression but weak in tension. Its primary application has been in arches, piers, and abutments. Iron and steel 鋼鐵The first iron used during the Industrial Revolution was cast iron, which is strong in compression but weak in tension. Wrought iron, on the other hand, is as strong in compression as cast iron, but it also has much greater tensile strength. Steel is an even further refinement of iron and is yet stronger, superior to any iron in both tension and compression. Steel can be made to varying strengths, some alloys being five times stronger than others. The engineer refers to these as high-strength steels. Concrete 混凝土Concrete is an artificial stone made from a mixture of water, sand, gravel, and a binder such as cement. Like stone, it is strong in compression and weak in tension. Concrete with steel bars embedded in it is called reinforced concrete. Reinforcement allows for less concrete to be used because the steel carries all the tension; also, the concrete protects the steel from corrosion and fire. Worksheet