A flower is a special kind of plant part. Flowers are also called the bloom or blossom of a plant. The flower grows on a stalk – a thin node – which supports it. Flowers have petals. Inside the part of the flower that has petals are the parts which produce pollen and seeds.<div><br></div><div>Flowers are the reproductive structure of flowering plants。 In many plants, a flower is its most colourful part. We say the plant 'flowers', 'is flowering' or 'is in flower' when this colourful part begins to grow bigger and open out. There are many different kinds of flowers in different areas in the world. Even in the coldest places, for example the Arctic, flowers can grow during a few months.<br></div> <b>How Flowers Eat and Grow--Photosynthesis</b><br><br>Some facts about flowers are that flowers get their food from sunlight, water, and minerals in the soil; flowers are the reproductive parts of a plant, and plants make their own food by photosynthesis.<br>關(guān)于花的一些事實是，花從陽光、水和土壤中的礦物質(zhì)中獲取養(yǎng)分;花是植物的生殖器官，植物通過光合作用制造自己的食物。<br><br>Plants can photosynthesize due to cells called chloroplasts that contain <b>chlorophyll/?kl??r?f?l/</b>; this is what makes plants green. Sun strikes the chloroplasts and combines with carbon dioxide that plants get from their leaves, and water that plants get through their roots, to produce sugar, or <b>glucose</b> /?ɡlu?ko?z/. This is the plant's food, and this gives the plant energy to grow and produce flowers.<br>植物能夠進行光合作用是因為含有葉綠素的葉綠體細胞;這就是植物變綠的原因。陽光照射到葉綠體上，與植物從葉子中吸收的二氧化碳和植物通過根部吸收的水分結(jié)合，產(chǎn)生糖或葡萄糖。這是植物的食物，給植物生長和開花提供能量。<br><br>Plants take in carbon dioxide, or CO 2 ,through little holes in their leaves, which are called stomata/'st?um?t?/ . They then produce and release oxygen through the stomata . Plants and animals were meant to live together! Animals need the oxygen that plants put out, and plants need the carbon dioxide that animals put out.<br>植物通過葉子上的氣孔吸收二氧化碳。然后它們通過氣孔產(chǎn)生和釋放氧氣。植物和動物注定要生活在一起!動物需要植物排出的氧氣，植物需要動物排出的二氧化碳。<br><br>Sometimes people add fertilizer, or plant food, to give plants extra minerals and nutrients so that they can grow better. Fertilizer does not take the place of sunlight and water.<br>有時人們會給植物施肥或添加食物，以給植物提供額外的礦物質(zhì)和營養(yǎng)，使它們長得更好。肥料不能代替陽光和水。<br><br>Without sunlight and water, plants will die.<br>沒有陽光和水，植物就會死亡。 <b>Parts of a Flower and their Functions</b><div><b><br></b>Many flowers have male parts and female parts.<br><br><b>Male part</b> – Stamen<br>The stamen has two parts<br>Anthers – Pollen producing part<br>Filaments – They hold up the anthers<br><br><b>Female part</b> – Pistil<br>The pistil looks like a vase with a long neck, which has three parts<br>Stigma – Sticky surface at the pistil's top, where the pollen germinates<br>Style – Holds up the stigma<br>Ovary – Contains the ovules<br>Ovules – Become the seed after fertilization by pollen<br><br><b>Other Parts </b>of the Flower<br>Petals – Usually bright, to attract pollinator<br>Sepals – Protect the flower bud when it is developing；These are often green and enclose the rest of the flower in the bud. They may be absent, or they may be petal-like in some species.<br>Receptacle – Portion of the stalk with the flower structure<br>Peduncle /p??d??kl/ （花梗）– Flower stalk</div><div><br></div><div><b>Pollinator</b>s/'pɑl?net?/ like bees, animals, and birds come and gather pollen from the flowers. The pollen sticks to their bodies. When they go to visit another flower to gather more pollen, the pollen from the previous flower drops into the pistil of the new flower, fertilizes the eggs inside the ovary, and seeds are made.<br>像蜜蜂、動物和鳥類這樣的傳粉者來收集花朵的花粉?；ǚ壅吃谒鼈兊纳眢w上。當(dāng)他們?nèi)グ菰L另一朵花來收集更多的花粉時，前一朵花的花粉就會落到新花的雌蕊里，使子房里的卵受精，然后就產(chǎn)生了種子。<br></div> 1. pistil /'p?st?l/雌蕊；<br>2. stigma /'st?gm?/柱頭；<br>3. style /sta?l/花柱；<br>4. ovary /'??v(?)r?/ 子房；<br>5. stamen /'ste?m?n/雄蕊；<br>6. anther /'?nθ?/花藥；<br>7. filament /'f?l?m(?)nt/ 花絲；<br>8. petal 花瓣；<br>9. ovule with Embryo Sac 胚珠與胚囊；<br>10. sepal萼片；<br>11. pollen 花粉；<br>12. receptacle 花托<div><br></div><div><b>tip:</b> Nectar is a sugary liquid formed by glands called nectaries <b>at the base of flower petals in the carpal, or female organ, of a flower</b>.<br></div> <b>game about flower</b><div><br></div><div><b>Option 1: </b></div><div>讓小朋友一個站中間，當(dāng)做雌蕊，外面圍3-4個小朋友作為雄蕊，最外圈5個小朋友作為花瓣。組成花的過程中，組織者一邊組織一邊解說一下花的結(jié)構(gòu)。最后，組織者假裝作為小蜜蜂，一邊唱little bee去采蜜。小蜜蜂第一次去采蜜，問小花朵該在哪里采蜜，該在哪里收集花粉。最后雌蕊和小蜜蜂說，小蜜蜂，能不能幫忙在別的花朵采完蜜后再回來轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)。然后問小朋友為什么花朵希望小蜜蜂在不同花朵間飛來飛去。</div><div><br></div><div>Come here, kids, let us pretend to be a flower. Do you know all the parts of a flower? Yes, generally speaking, a flower contains petals, sepals, stamens and a pistil. Then how can we be a flower? We need one pistil in the middle, and who wants to be the pistil? Good, stand here. Now, your head is stigma, and your body is the style, and where is the ovary? Yes, your feet. Then, who want to be the stamens? Good, I think this flower has 3 stamens. You 3 kids stand around the pistil. Now, your heads are anthers, and your bodies are filaments. Last, we need several petals. Who want to be the petals? This flower has 5 petals. Good, you 5 kids are petals now. Petals are usually bright colored, and do you know why? Yes, they want to attract some insects, like bees to help it pollinate.</div><div><br></div><div>Now, I am a bee, a busy bee. I need to collect nectar and pollen. </div><div><b>Bee: </b>Wow, a beautiful flower there, the petals are very attractive and smells very good. Let me fly to that flower to start my work today. Buzz, little bee little bee, sound sound sound, little bee little bee, round round round. I am here. But it is the first time for me to do this job. I don't know how to do my job.</div><div>Hello, flower, can you tell me where your nectar is?</div><div><b>Flower:</b> Here here, you can get nectar at the base of petals or pistil. You can use your straw-like mouth to suck nectar from here.</div><div><b>Bee:</b> Thank you so much, the nectar is really very good. And what's more, can you tell me where I can get pollen?</div><div>Stamens: here here. You can get stamens on our anthers.</div><div><b>Bee: </b>thank you so much. I need to fly to another flower to get more nectar and pollen. Do you want me fly back <b>again?</b></div><div><b>Pistil: </b>yes yes, you must bring some pollen from other flowers here. It is very important for the pollination.</div><div>Bee: I see, no problem, I will do that. See you later.</div><div><br></div> <b>Option 2: </b><div>一位媽媽盤腿坐在中間，扮做雌蕊和雄蕊，3-5個小朋友圍成一圈當(dāng)花瓣?？梢苑纸M做成2-3個不同的花朵，其他小朋友是蜜蜂。</div><div><br></div><div>M：Come here, kids, let us play flower game. Would you like to make a flower？ How about we make a cherry blossom(按之前的分組做不同的花朵）?</div><div>K：yes yes.</div><div>M: Great. In this game, some kids will be petals, and some kids will be bees. Who want to be petals, and who want to be bees?</div><div>按孩子意愿分好想做花瓣的和小蜜蜂的。</div><div>M: Now, I will sit in the middle. Can you guess what I will be? Ha ha, I will be the pistil and stamens. So, my head is stigma now, and my body is the style, and here, the lower part of my body is the ovary. Then, my 2 arms are stamens. So, my 2 hands are the anthers, and my 2 arms are filaments. (打印好花朵結(jié)構(gòu)的圖片，一遍演示一遍說）. Now, what else do we need to make this cherry blossom? Right, petals. Now，petals come here, and s<span style="line-height: 1.5;">tand in a circle around me. Now, here is a cherry blossom. </span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.5;">M: see, here come some bees. They must collect our pollen and nectar. Let us ask them some questions first, if they can answer correctly, then we let them come in, ok?</span></div><div>Petals: ok</div><div>M: Hi, bees. What do you want to do here?</div><div>Bees: We want to collect pollen and nectar.</div><div>M: That is great, welcome you here. But you need to answer our questions first.</div><div>Bees: ok</div><div>M: Where will you get pollen?</div><div>Bees: We get pollen from the anthers on stamens.</div><div>M: very right. And where will you get nectar?</div><div>Bees: We will get nectar from the base of petals and pistil.</div><div>M: you are very right. Now, let the bees come in. Enjoy the nectar and pollen here. But can you little bees do me a favor?</div><div>Bee: yes please.</div><div>M: If you can come back to visit me again after you collect nectar and pollen from other flowers, it will be perfect, because I need pollen from other flowers for pollination.</div><div>Bees: I know I know, I will bring some pollen back and stop on pistil.</div><div>M: Thank you very much. </div><div><div><br><div><br></div></div></div> <b>common spring flowers</b> magnolia blossom Magnolia is very attractive flowering plant that belongs to the family Magnoliaceae. There are around 210 species of magnolia that differ in size, shape, color of the flower and type of habitat. Magnolia trees originate from Southeast Asia and North America, but they have been naturalized to almost all continents in the world because of their beauty. Magnolia usually grows on acidic soils that are rich in nutrients, in areas that provide enough moisture and direct sunlight.<div><br></div><div><b>Interesting Magnolia tree Facts:</b><br><ul><li><span style="line-height: 1.5;">Size of magnolia tree depends on the species. Smaller species are only 15 feet tall. Larger species can grow 80 feet in height. Magnolia has pyramidal crown that can reach 30 to 50 feet in diameter.</span><br></li><li><span style="line-height: 1.5;">Magnolia has dark green, oval shaped leaves that are covered with layer of wax. Leaves are evergreen and they are alternately arranged on the branches. Leaves have leathery（似皮革的） texture and entire margin.</span><br></li><li><span style="line-height: 1.5;">Magnolia has brown or grey bark that is smooth when the plant is young. As the plant gets older, bark turns from smooth into scaly（有鱗的）.</span><br></li><li><span style="line-height: 1.5;">Magnolia produces 1 ? to 3 inches wide flower that consists of up to 18 leathery tepals (fused petals and sepals). Flower contains both male and female reproductive organs (monoecious plant).</span><br></li><li><span style="line-height: 1.5;">Color of the flower depends on the species and it can be white, yellow, pinkish, purple and green.</span><br></li><li><span style="line-height: 1.5;">Flower of magnolia has pleasant scent that resembles（類似） the smell of tropical fruit.</span><br></li><li><span style="line-height: 1.5;">Magnolia blooms from April to June. First flowers develop seven years after planting.</span><br></li><li><span style="line-height: 1.5;">Bees are main pollinators of magnolia.</span><br></li><li><span style="line-height: 1.5;">Magnolias are ancient plants. They exist on the planet at least 95 million years. Since they appeared before bees, magnolias slowly changed their flowers to become more attractive to bees (to ensure successful pollination).</span><br></li><li><span style="line-height: 1.5;">Magnolias do not produce nectar. Instead, they have pollen enriched with proteins which bees use as food. Flowers release sugary scent which attracts pollinators.</span><br></li><li><span style="line-height: 1.5;">Magnolia produces cone-like brownish fruit that can reach 2 to 10 inches in length. Kidney-shaped seed can be red, orange or pink in color. Seed of magnolia is favorite food of many birds.</span><br></li><li><span style="line-height: 1.5;">Magnolia is resistant to most pests and diseases. Some species are prone to fungal infections. Larvae of certain insects eat different parts of magnolia tree.</span><br></li><li><span style="line-height: 1.5;">Bark and flowers of magnolia are used in traditional Asian medicine. Leaves of magnolia are used for wrapping of food in Asia.</span><br></li><li><span style="line-height: 1.5;">Wood of magnolia is used for the production of pallets and furniture.</span><br></li><li><span style="line-height: 1.5;">Magnolia can live more than 100 years.</span><br></li></ul></div> <b>Cherry blossom/sakura</b> <b>【櫻花特點】</b><br>There are approximately 400 different types of cherry trees. They mutate(產(chǎn)生突變) easily.<br>Most of the flowers are white or pink with<b> five petals</b>, but there are some flowers with<b> almost a hundred petals</b>.<br>They bloom for around 14 days, and then they fall from the tree.<br><br><b>【櫻花分布】</b><br>It's something that is very special in Asia.<br>Currently they are widely distributed, especially in the temperate zone(溫帶) of the Northern Hemisphere including **************, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, India, Nepal尼泊爾, West Siberia西伯利亞, Iran伊朗, Myanmar緬甸 and Afghanistan阿富汗. <br><br>【日本櫻花】<br><b>Cherry blossoms are Japan's national flower</b>.<br>Known as "sakura" in Japanese, these pale blooms are a symbol of more than just spring—they stand for renewal and hope.<br>The Japanese people have looked on Sakura as an important object. Plum blossom peach blossom <b>Distinguish cherry blossom，plum blossom and peach blossom</b><div><br></div><div>1. The shape of their petals<br>看花瓣的形狀<br></div><div>The easiest way to spot the difference between a cherry, plum or peach flower is by observing the petal’s natural shape. <br><br>Cherry blossoms have a unique cleft(裂口) at the tip of their petals.<br><br>Plum blossoms have rounded petals, while peach blossoms have tear-drop shaped petals.<br><br>個人感覺，看花瓣來區(qū)分是最容易記憶和分辨的方式呢。<br></div> 2. The way they’re attached to the tree<br>看花朵和樹枝連接的方式<br><br>Another easy way to tell the three beautiful blossoms apart is how they’re attached to the tree.<div><br></div><div>Cherry blossoms have long stems that attach them to the branch from a single bud.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Plum blossoms grow out from the branch itself and literally have no stems.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Peach blossoms have shorter stems which have two flowers sprouting from the same branch.<br></div> 3. The color of their petals<div><br></div><div>Cherry blossom: <br>colors usually range from white to pink.<br><br>Plum blossom: <br>colors usually range from white to dark crimson with a purple shade<br><br>Peach blossom:<br>colors range from light pink to light purple.<br></div> 通過上面三種方式，基本能辨別出來櫻花、梅花和桃花啦。此外，從花期來看，開花先后稍微有點不同，按時間順序應(yīng)該是梅花→桃花→櫻花。梅花有濃郁的香味，櫻花桃花則基本沒有味。 <b>常見花朵</b> other flowers 也可以打出來，可能在熱帶花朵里面能找到相關(guān)的花 If you love a flower, don’t pick it up. Because if you pick it up it dies and it ceases to be what you love. So if you love a flower, let it be. Love is not about possession. Love is about appreciation.
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